Isingeniso Sezinto Eziqinile Zezibuthe
Izinto ezisetshenziswa kazibuthe ezinamandla, ikakhulukazi izinto ezisebenza kazibuthe ezihlala njalo njenge-neodymium iron boron (NdFeB) ne-samarium cobalt (SmCo), zisetshenziswe kabanzi embonini yesimanje ngenxa yamandla azo aqinile kazibuthe nokusebenza okuhle kakhulu. Kusukela kumamotho kuya kumishini yezokwelapha, kusukela kugesi wabathengi kuya ku-aerospace, lezi zinto zidlala indima ebalulekile. Nakuba izinto eziqinile kazibuthe zisetshenziswa emikhakheni eminingi, izingozi ezingase zibe khona azinakuzitshwa. Ake sifunde ukuthi izinto zikazibuthe eziqinile zenziwa kanjani, siqonde kangcono izingozi ezingaba khona, futhi sizivikele kangcono.
Indlela izinto ezisebenza ngayo kazibuthe ezinamandla ezizalwa ngayo
1. Ukulungiselela impahla eluhlaza: Isinyathelo sokuqala ekukhiqizeni izinto eziqinile kazibuthe ukulungisa izinto zokusetshenziswa. Ku-NdFeB, izinto zokusetshenziswa eziyinhloko zifaka i-neodymium, insimbi, i-boron nezinye izakhi zokulandelela ezifana ne-dysprosium ne-praseodymium. Izinto ezingavuthiwe zidinga ukuhlolwa ngokuqinile futhi zicutshungulwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi isilinganiso sokuhlanzeka nokubunjwa kuyahlangabezana nezidingo.
2. Iyancibilika: Izinto zokusetshenziswa ezilungisiwe zifakwa esithandweni sokungeniswa kwevacuum ukuze zincibilike zenze ingxubevange. Kule nqubo, ukulawula izinga lokushisa kubaluleke kakhulu futhi ngokuvamile kudinga ukwenziwa ekushiseni okuphezulu okungaphezu kuka-1000°C. Uketshezi lwe-alloy oluncibilikisiwe luzothululelwa esikhunjini ukuze luphole futhi lwenze ingot.
3.Ukuchoboza nokugaya: Ingot epholile idinga ukuphahlazwa ibe yizicucu ezincane nge-crusher bese ibuye igaywe ibe yimpushana ecolekileyo ngesigayo sebhola. Ubukhulu bezinhlayiyana zempushana emihle buthinta ngokuqondile ikhwalithi yenqubo elandelayo, ngakho lesi sinyathelo sibaluleke kakhulu.
4. Ukucindezela kokuma: Impushana ecolekile ilayishwa esikhunjeni bese iqondiswa futhi icindezelwe ngaphansi kwesenzo sensimu yamagnetic enamandla. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi isiqondiso sezinhlayiya ze-powder magnetic sivumelana, ngaleyo ndlela sithuthukisa izakhiwo zamagnetic zomkhiqizo wokugcina. Umkhiqizo ngemuva kokucindezela okuqondisiwe ubizwa ngokuthi "umzimba oluhlaza".
5. I-Sintering: Umzimba oluhlaza ufakwa esithandweni somlilo futhi ushiswe ekushiseni okuphezulu (cishe u-1000°C-1100°C) ukuze uqinise futhi wenze uzibuthe ominyene. Phakathi nenqubo ye-sintering, i-material iba nezinguquko eziyinkimbinkimbi ngokomzimba namakhemikhali, futhi ekugcineni yakha umkhiqizo oqediwe onezakhiwo eziphakeme kazibuthe.
6. Ukucubungula nokwelashwa kwendawo: Umazibuthe osikiwe nawo udinga ukusikwa, ukupholishwa nokunye ukucutshungulwa komshini ukuze kuzuzwe umumo nosayizi odingekayo. Ukuze uvimbele uzibuthe ukuthi ungangeni kwi-oxidation noma ukugqwala ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa, ungqimba oluyisivikelo olufana ne-nickel, i-zinc noma i-epoxy resin ngokuvamile lumbozwa phezu kwalo.
7. Uzibuthe: Isinyathelo sokugcina ukwenza uzibuthe uzibuthe ukuze unikeze izakhiwo ezidingekayo kazibuthe. I-Magnetization ivamise ukwenziwa emishinini ekhethekile yokuzibuthe, kusetshenziswa inkambu kazibuthe enamandla ukwenza izizinda kazibuthe ezikumagnethi zingaguquki.
Ukulimala kwamandla kazibuthe
Ukubulawa kwezinto eziqinile kazibuthe kubonakala kakhulu kulezi zici ezilandelayo:
1. Umthelela kumishini kagesi: Izinto ezinamandla kazibuthe zingaphazamisa ukusebenza kwemishini kagesi, ikakhulukazi lezo ezithembele kuzinzwa kazibuthe. Isibonelo, omakhalekhukhwini, ama-hard drive ekhompyutha, amakhadi esikweletu, njll. kungase kuthinteke amandla kazibuthe, okuholela ekulahlekeni kwedatha noma ukulimala kwemishini.
2.Umthelela emzimbeni womuntu: Nakuba izinto eziqinile zikazibuthe zingabeki usongo olubulalayo oluqondile emzimbeni womuntu, zingabangela ubuhlungu bendawo noma ukungakhululeki uma zigwinywa noma zithintwa isikhumba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinto eziqinile kazibuthe zingase futhi zihehe izinto zensimbi eziseduze futhi zidale ukulimala ngengozi.
3.Umthelela kwezinye izinto kazibuthe: Izinto ezinozibuthe ezinamandla zingaheha futhi zihambise ezinye izinto zikazibuthe, ezingabangela ukuba izinto ezinzima ziwe noma izinto zokusebenza zilimale uma zingaphathwanga kahle. Ngakho-ke, lapho usebenzisa izinto eziqinile kazibuthe, izinyathelo ezifanele zokuphepha kufanele zithathwe ukuze kugwenywe izingozi ezingadingekile.
4.Umthelela emishinini engumshini: Kwezinye izimo, izinto eziqinile zikazibuthe zingakha izingxenye zensimbi kumshini wokusebenza, kubangele ukwehluleka noma ukuvala shaqa. Lo mphumela ubucayi ikakhulukazi kumathuluzi anemba namadivayisi wezokwelapha.
Indlela yokuvimbela imiphumela ye-magnetism eqinile
1. Gcina ibanga lakho: Gcina izinto eziqinile kazibuthe kude nezinto zikagesi, amakhadi esikweletu nezinye izinto ezibucayi.
2. Izinyathelo zokuzivikela: Gqoka okokuvikela okufanele lapho uphethe izinto eziqinile kazibuthe futhi ugweme ukuthintana ngqo nesikhumba.
3. Imfundo nezixwayiso: Fundisa izingane ukuthi zingadlali ngamathoyizi kazibuthe aqinile futhi uqiniseke ukuthi ziyaziqonda izingozi ezingaba khona.
4. Isiqondiso sochwepheshe: Ezimweni zezokwelapha, qinisekisa ukuthi iziguli nabasebenzi bayayiqonda imithetho yokuphepha yezinto eziqinile zikazibuthe futhi bathathe izinyathelo zokuvikela ezifanele.
5. Isitoreji kanye nezinto zokuhamba: Izinto ezinamandla kazibuthe kufanele zigcinwe ezitsheni ezikhethekile futhi zivikelwe kahle ngesikhathi sokuthutha ukuvimbela ukuthintana nezinye izinto.
Inqubo yokukhiqiza yezinto eziqinile kazibuthe iyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi futhi ebucayi ehilela izinyathelo eziningi nezindlela zobuchwepheshe ezichwepheshile. Ukuqonda inqubo yayo yokukhiqiza kusisiza ukuthi siqonde kangcono futhi sisebenzise lezi zinto zokusebenza. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kudingeka futhi siqaphele izingozi ezingase zibe khona zezinto eziqinile zikazibuthe futhi sithathe izinyathelo zokuvikela ezisebenzayo ukuze siqinisekise ukuphepha kwethu.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-25-2024
